Subkelompok Tionghoa Han

pembagian etnis

Suku Tionghoa Han dapat dibedakan menjadi berbagai subkelompok yang didasarkan dari fitur linguistik, budaya, etnis, genetik, dan daerah. Istilah yang digunakan dalam Mandarin untuk mendeskripsikan kelompok-kelompok ini adalah: "minxi" (Hanzi: 民系; Pinyin: mínxì; Wade–Giles: min2 hsi4; harfiah: 'garis keturunan etnis', dilafalkan [mǐnɕî]), digunakan di Tiongkok daratan atau "zuqun" (Hanzi: 族群; Pinyin: zúqún; Wade–Giles: tzu2 ch'ün; harfiah: 'suku bangsa', dilafalkan [tsǔtɕʰy̌n]), digunakan di Taiwan. Tidak ada subkelompok Han yang dianggap sebagai salah satu dari 56 suku bangsa resmi di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok.

Subgroups

sunting

The number of speakers derived from statistics or estimates (2019) and were rounded:[1][2][3][4]

Number People Subgroups Main Area Population
1 Sichuanese people Sichuan, Chongqing 140,000,000
2 Shandong people Shandong, Liaodong 120,000,000
3 Jilu people Tianjin, Southern Hebei, Shandong 95,000,000
4 Northeastern people Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang 90,000,000
5 Wu people Shanghainese people, Ningbonese people, Wenzhou people Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian 90,000,000
6 Jianghuai people Subei people Jiangsu Province, Anhui Province 85,000,000
7 Cantonese people Taishanese people, Hongkongers, Macau people, Macanese people Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macau 66,000,000
8 Min people Fuzhou people, Hainan people, Hoklo people, Putian people, Teochew people Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Southern Zhejiang, Guangdong 65,000,000
8 Hubei people Hubei 65,000,000
10 Jin people Shanxi 63,000,000
11 Hebei people Beijing, Northern Hebei 55,000,000
12 Hakka people Ngái people Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan 47,000,000
13 Hunanese people Hunan, Northeastern Guangxi 38,000,000
14 Gan people Jiangxi, Eastern Hunan 22,000,000
15 Tanka people Fuzhou Tanka Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan 5,000,000
16 Huizhou people Huizhou 4,600,000
17 Chuanqing people Guizhou 700,000
18 Gaoshan people Yunnan, Guizhou 400,000
19 Waxiang people Hunan 400,000
20 Tunbao people Guizhou, Anshun 300,000
21 Hui'an people Quanzhou, Fujian, China 50,000
Total Han Chinese subgroups China 1,380,000,000

Referensi

sunting