Charaka Samhita
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Charaka Samhita (IAST: Caraka-Saṃhitā, “Ringkasan Charaka”) adalah sebuah teks Sanskerta tentang Ayurweda (pengobatan tradisional India).[1][2] Bersama dengan Sushruta Samhita, karya tersebut adalah salah satu dari dua teks fundasional dari bidang tersebut yang masih ada dari zaman India kuno.[3][4][5] Karya tersebut adalah salah satu dari tiga karya yang memuat Brhat Trayi.
Teks pra-abad ke-2 Masehi tersebut terdiri dari delapan kitab dan seratus dua puluh pasal.[6][7] Karya tersebut menjabarkan teori-teori kuno tentang raga manusia, etiologi, gejala dan terapi untuk sejumlah besar penyakit.[8] Charaka Samhita juga berisi tentang pengaruh gaya makan, higenitas, pencegahan, pendidikan pengobatan dan kerja kelompok tabib, perawat dan pasien yang perlu menyembuhkan kesehatannya.[9][10][11]
Referensi
sunting- ^ Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999-2002), vol. IA, pp. 7-180. OCLC 165833440.
- ^ Valiathan, M. S. (2003) The Legacy of Caraka Orient Longman ISBN 81-250-2505-7 reviewed in Current Science, Vol.85 No.7 Oct 2003, Indian Academy of Sciences seen at [1] June 1, 2006
- ^ E. Schultheisz (1981), History of Physiology, Pergamon Press, ISBN 978-0080273426, page 60-61, Quote: "(...) the Caraka Samhita and the Susruta Samhita, both being recensions of two ancient traditions of the Hindu medicine".
- ^ Wendy Doniger (2014), On Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199360079, page 79, Quote: A basic assumption of Hindu medical texts like the Caraka Samhita (composed sometime between 100 BCE and 100 CE) is the doctrine of the three (...);
Sarah Boslaugh (2007), Encyclopedia of Epidemiology, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, ISBN 978-1412928168, page 547, Quote: "The Hindu text known as Sushruta Samhita (600 AD) is possibly the earliest effort to classify diseases and injuries" - ^ Thomas Banchoff (2009), Religious pluralism, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195323412, page 284, Quote: An early Hindu text, the Caraka Samhita, vividly describes the beginning of life (...)
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamapmid21927226 - ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamameulenbeldhimlc10 - ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaGlucklichtsov141 - ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaSvoboda1992 - ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamavaliathan1186 - ^ F.A. Hassler, Caraka Samhita, Science, Vol. 22, No. 545, pages 17-18
Daftar pustaka
sunting- Ācārya, Yādava Trivikrama (ed.) Maharṣiṇā Punarvasunopadiṣṭā, tacchiṣyeṇĀgniveśena praṇītā, CarakaDṛḍhabalābhyāṃ pratisaṃskṛtā Carakasaṃhitā, śrīCakrapāṇidattaviracitayā Āyurvedadīpikāvyākhyayā saṃvalitā Nirnaya Sagara Press, 1941. The best current edition of the Sanskrit text. Often reprinted. Online machine-readable transcription available at SARIT.info
- Engler, Steven (2003). "" Science" vs." Religion" in Classical Ayurveda". Numen. 50 (4): 416–463. doi:10.1163/156852703322446679. hdl:11205/105
. - Kaviratna, Avinash C.; Sharma, P. (1913). The Charaka Samhita 5 Vols. Sri Satguru Publications. ISBN 978-81-7030-471-5.
- Menon, I A and H F Haberman, Dermatological writings of ancient India Medical History. 1969 October; 13(4): 387–392. seen at The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London [2] June 1, 2006
- Muniyal Ayurveda, Manipal, Sacitra Caraka Samhita - Volume 1, published by Muniyal Institute of Ayurveda Medical Sciences, Manipal. 2005 [3]
- Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999–2002), vol. IA, pp. 7–180, gives a detailed survey of the contents of the Carakasaṃhitā and a comprehensive discussion of all historical matters related to the text, its commentators, and its later history in the Islamic world and in Tibet.
- Meulenbeld, Gerrit Jan (1999). A History of Indian Medical Literature: Text. Forsten. ISBN 978-90-6980-124-7.
- Sharma, P. V. Caraka-Saṃhitā: Agniveśa's Treatise Refined and annotated by Caraka and Redacted by Dṛḍhabala (text with English translation) Chaukhambha Prakashan, 1981–1994. The best modern English translation of the whole text. Volume 4 gives summaries of the commentary of Chakrapani Datta.
- Ray, Priyadaranjan; Gupta, Hirendra Nath; Roy, Mira (1980). Suśruta Saṃhita (a Scientific Synopsis). New Delhi: INSA.
- Sharma, R. K. & Bhagwan Dash, V. Agniveśa's Caraka Saṃhitā (Text with English Translation & Critical Exposition Based on Cakrapāṇi Datta's Āyurveda Dīpikā) Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, 1976–2002. Another good English translation of the whole text, with paraphrases of the commentary of Chakrapani Datta.
- Wujastyk, Dominik, The Roots of Ayurveda (Penguin Classics, 3rd edition, 2003), pp. 1–50 gives an introduction to the Carakasaṃhitā and a modern translation of selected passages.
Pranala luar
sunting- The Charaka Samhita Full English translation by Gulabkunverba , 1949 (includes glossary)
- Charak Samhita New Edition Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre, India
- Charak Samhita New Edition Diarsipkan 2020-03-02 di Wayback Machine.,
- English translation of Charaka Samhita, Hathi Trust Archives, 5 Volumes
- Charaka Samhita - a scientific synopsis archived version Ray and Gupta, National Institute of Sciences, India
- Charak Samhita Original Sanskrit Text with commnetary
- Carakasaṃhitā (Sanskrit, IAST-Translit), SARIT Initiative, The British Association for South Asian Studies and The British Academy
- Philosophy and Medicine in Early Classical India III, Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies, University of Vienna
- Devendranath Sen Gupta; Upendranath Sen Gupta, ed. (1897). The Charaka-Samhita by Mahamuni Agnibesha, Revised by Maharshi Charaka (dalam bahasa Sanskerta). Dhanvantari Machine Press, Calcutta.
- Kenneth G. Zysk; Tsutomu Yamashita (2018). "Jajjaṭa's Nirantarapadavyākhyā and Other Commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā". eJournal of Indian Medicine. 10: 1–113. doi:10.21827/5c3f01174756c . A critical edition and English translation of the oldest commentary on Charaka Samhita.