Tube Alloys

Tube Alloys adalah sebuah nama kode program riset dan pengembangan rahasia, yang dinaungi oleh Britania Raya, dengan keikutsertaan Kanada, untuk mengembangkan senjata nuklir pada Perang Dunia Kedua. Dimulai sebelum Proyek Manhattan di Amerika Serikat, upaya Inggris tersebut masih dalam tahap klasifikasi dan disebut dengan kode tersebut dalam lingkup pemerintahan tertinggi.

Lord Cherwell, penasehat saintifik untuk Perdana Menteri, Ketua Marsekal Udara Sir Charles Portal, Laksamana Armada Sir Dudley Pound dan Winston Churchill pada Juni 1941

Lihat pula

• High Explosive Research, kelanjutan program senjata nuklir Britania setelah Perang Dunia II
• Program bom hidrogen Britania

Referensi

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• Bernstein, Barton J. (1976). "The Uneasy Alliance: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Atomic Bomb, 1940–1945". The Western Political Quarterly. 29 (2): 202–230. doi:10.2307/448105. JSTOR 448105. 
• Bernstein, Jeremy (1 May 2011). "A Memorandum that Changed the World". American Journal of Physics. 79 (5): 441–446. Bibcode:2011AmJPh..79..440B. doi:10.1119/1.3533426. ISSN 0002-9505. 
• Brown, Andrew (1997). The Neutron and the Bomb. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-853992-4. 
• Cathcart, Brian (1995). Test of Greatness: Britain's Struggle for the Atom Bomb. London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-5225-7. OCLC 31241690. 
• Chadwick, James (1932). "Possible Existence of a Neutron" (PDF). Nature. 129 (3252): 312. Bibcode:1932Natur.129Q.312C. doi:10.1038/129312a0. 
• Clark, Ronald W. (1961). The Birth of the Bomb: Britain’s part in the weapon that changed the World. London: Phoenix House. OCLC 824335. 
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• Cockcroft, J. D.; Walton, E. T. S. (1 June 1932). "Experiments with High Velocity Positive Ions. (I) Further Developments in the Method of Obtaining High Velocity Positive Ions". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 136 (830): 619–630. Bibcode:1932RSPSA.136..619C. doi:10.1098/rspa.1932.0107. ISSN 1364-5021. 
• Cockcroft, J. D.; Walton, E. T. S. (1 July 1932). "Experiments with High Velocity Positive Ions. (II) The Disintegration of Elements by High Velocity Protons". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 137 (831): 229–242. Bibcode:1932RSPSA.137..229C. doi:10.1098/rspa.1932.0133. ISSN 1364-5021. 
• Farmelo, Graham (2013). Churchill's Bomb: How the United States Overtook Britain in the First Nuclear Arms Race. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-02195-6. 
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• Gott, Richard (April 1963). "The Evolution of the Independent British Deterrent". International Affairs. 39 (2): 238–252. ISSN 1468-2346. JSTOR 2611300. 
• Gowing, Margaret (1964). Britain and Atomic Energy 1939–1945. London: Macmillan. OCLC 3195209. 
• Gowing, Margaret; Arnold, Lorna (1974). Independence and Deterrence: Britain and Atomic Energy, 1945–1952, Volume 1, Policy Making. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-15781-8. OCLC 611555258. 
• Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-306-70738-1. OCLC 537684. 
• Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-520-07186-7. OCLC 637004643. Diakses tanggal 26 March 2013. 
• Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). Washington, DC: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-10-07. Diakses tanggal June 8, 2013. 
• Laucht, Christoph (2012). Elemental Germans: Klaus Fuchs, Rudolf Peierls and the making of British nuclear culture 1939–59. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-02833-4. 
• Martin, Roy (2014). The Suffolk Golding Mission, A Considerable Service (PDF). Great Britain: Brook House Books. ISBN 978-0-9557441-7-4. OCLC 881370741. Diakses tanggal 3 May 2016. 
• Meitner, L.; Frisch, O. R. (1939). "Disintegration of Uranium by Neutrons: A New Type of Nuclear Reaction". Nature. 143 (3615): 239–240. Bibcode:1939Natur.143..239M. doi:10.1038/143239a0. 
• Nichols, Kenneth David (1987). The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made. New York: William Morrow and Company. ISBN 0-688-06910-X. OCLC 15223648. 
• Owen, James (2010). Danger UXB – The Heroic Story of the WW II Bomb Disposal Teams. London: Little, Brown. ISBN 0-349-12237-7. 
• Pais, Abraham (1991). Niels Bohr's Times, In Physics, Philosophy and Polity. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-852049-8. 
• Paul, Septimus H. (2000). Nuclear Rivals: Anglo-American Atomic Relations, 1941–1952. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8142-0852-6. OCLC 43615254. 
• Peierls, Rudolf (2007). Sir Rudolf Peierls : Aelected Private and Scientific Correspondence. Singapore: World Scientific. ISBN 981-256-503-5. 
• Rhodes, Richard (1986). The Making of the Atomic Bomb. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-671-65719-4. 
• Rhodes, Richard (1995). Dark Sun: the Making of the Hydrogen Bomb. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-80400-X. OCLC 32509950. 
• Smyth, Henry DeWolf (1945). Atomic Energy for Military Purposes; the Official Report on the Development of the Atomic Bomb under the Auspices of the United States Government, 1940–1945. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-1722-9. 
• Szasz, Ferenc Morton (1992). British Scientists and the Manhattan Project: the Los Alamos Years. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-06167-8. OCLC 23901666. 
• Zimmerman, David (1995). "The Tizard Mission and the Development of the Atomic Bomb". War in History. 2 (3): 259–273. doi:10.1177/096834459500200302. 

Bacaan tambahan

• Ehrman, John (1953). The Atomic Bomb: An Account of British Policy in the Second World War. London: Cabinet Office. OCLC 488868259. 

Pranala luar

• "The Quebec Conference: Agreement Relating to Atomic Energy". Yale University. Diakses tanggal 6 February 2017. 
• "Interview with Eileen Doxford, Tube Alloys program lab assistant". Voices of the Manhattan Project. Diakses tanggal 6 February 2017. 
• "Interview with Myfanwy Pritchard-Roberts, Tube Alloys program lab assistant". Voices of the Manhattan Project. Diakses tanggal 6 February 2017.