Sistem jalan raya Inka
Sistem jalan raya Inka adalah sistem transportasi maju dan mahal di Amerika Selatan pada zaman pra-Kolumbus. Ini memiliki panjang sekitar 39.900 kilometer (24.800 mi).[1] Pada 2014, sistem jalan raya tersebut menjadi Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO.[2]
 Sistem jalan raya Inka road network (en)   | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||
| Tempat | ||||
| Negara | Peru, Chili, Bolivia, Kolombia, Ekuador dan Argentina | |||
| Geografi | ||||
| Luas wilayah | 11.406,95 ha [convert: unit tak dikenal] | |||
| Pengukuran | 40.000 km km ( ) | |||
Referensi
sunting- ^ D'Altroy, Terence N. (2002). The Incas. Blackwell Publishers Inc. ISBN 0-631-17677-2.
- ^ "How the Inca Empire Engineered a Road Across Some of the World's Most Extreme Terrain". Smithsonianmag.com. Diakses tanggal 2015-07-01.
Daftar pustaka
sunting- Cameron, Ian (1990). Kingdom of the Sun God: a history of the Andes and their people. New York: Facts on File. hlm. 65. ISBN 0-8160-2581-9.
- D'Altroy, Terence N (1992). Provincial Power in the Inka Empire. Smithsonian Institution. ISBN 1-56098-115-6.
- D'Altroy, Terence N. (2002). The Incas. Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 0-631-17677-2.
- Fellman, Bruce (2002). "Rediscovering Mach Picchu". Yale Alumni Magazine.
- Inca: Lords of Gold and Glory. New York, New York: Time-Life Books. 1992. ISBN 0-8094-9870-7.
- Jenkins, David (2001). "Network Analysis of Inka Roads, Administrative Centers, and Storage Facilities" (edisi ke-Volume 48). Duke University Press. hlm. 655–87.
- "Main Andean Road – Qhapaq Nan". UNESCO. 10 July 2009.
- Rostworowski de Diez Canseco, Maria; Harry B. Iceland (1999). History of the Inca realm. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-63759-7.
- Rugeles, Ernesto F (1979). SeriesIndian Traditions : The chasqui : an Inca tradition. ISBN 0832502634.
- Salazar, Lucy C.; Richard L. Burger (2004). Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous: Luxury and Daily Life in the Households of Machu Picchu's Elite. Dumbarton Oaks.
- Thompson, Donald E.; John V. Murra (July 1966). "The Inca Bridges in the Huanuco Region". American Antiquity. 5. Society for American Archaeology. 31 (1): 632–39. doi:10.2307/2694488.
- Vergara, Teresa (2000). Historia del Peru, Tahuantinsuyu. Spain: Lexus Editores. hlm. 301. ISBN 9972-625-35-4.
- Vitry, Christian (2007). "Roads for Rituals and Sacred Mountains. A study of the Inka Road Systems in High Altitude Shrines in the North". Bulletin of the Chilean Museum of Pre-Columbian Art.
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Moseley, Michael 1992. The Incas and their Ancestors: The archaeology of Peru. Thames and Hudson, New York.
- Hyslop, John, 1984. Inka Road System. Academic Press, New York.
- Andean World: Indigenous History: Culture and Consciousness oleh Kenneth Adrien.
- Footprints Cusco and The Inca Trail Handbook oleh Peter Frost dan Ben Box
- Jenkins, David. "A Network Analysis of Inka Roads, Administrative Centers and Storage Facilities." Ethnohistory, 48:655–685 (Musim Gugur, 2001).
Pranala luar
sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Camino Inca.
- Trailer: "Qhapaq Ñan, Voices of the Andes"
- Geographic database of the inca road system from a French university Diarsipkan 2016-08-17 di Wayback Machine.
- Article: "Reinventing the Inca roads: Representations and construction of memory in Peru (2001–2011)"
- UNESCO World Heritage Centre – Main Inca Road – Qhapaq Ñan
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Inca road system.