Persaudaraan Pra-Raphaelite
Persaudaraan Pra-Raphaelite (kemudian dikenal sebagai Pra-Raphaelite) adalah sebuah kelompok yang didirikan pada tahun 1848 oleh para pelukis, penyair dan kritikus seni rupa di Inggris. Perkumpulan ini dipelopori oleh William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, dan Dante Gabriel Rossetti.[1] Pada perkembangannya, selain ketiga pelopor tersebut, anggota kelompok ini bertambah dengan bergabungnya beberapa orang lainnya, yaitu William Michael Rossetti, James Collinson, Frederic George Stephens dan Thomas Woolner yang kemudian membentuk "Persaudaraan" tujuh anggota sebagai bagian dari gerakan Nazarene.[2] Persaudaraan tersebut hanyalah sebuah asosiasi dan prinsip-prinsip mereka dibagi oleh seniman lainnya pada masa itu, yang meliputi Ford Madox Brown, Arthur Hughes dan Marie Spartali Stillman. Para pengikut berikutnya dari prinsip-prinsip Persaudaraan tersebut meliputi Edward Burne-Jones, William Morris dan John William Waterhouse.
Referensi
suntingCatatan kaki
sunting- ^ Rahim, F. R., dan Sari, S. Y. (2019). Perkembangan Sejarah Fisika. Purwokerto: CV IRDH. hlm. 452. ISBN 978-623-7343-14-1.
- ^ Henri Dorra, Symbolist Art Theories: A Critical Anthology (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1995) p.17
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Andres, Sophia. (2005) The Pre-Raphaelite Art of the Victorian Novel: Narrative Challenges to Visual Gendered Boundaries. Ohio State University Press, ISBN 0-8142-5129-3
- Bate, P.H. [1901] (1972) The English Pre-Raphaelite painters : their associates and successors, New York : AMS Press, ISBN 0-404-00691-4
- Daly, G. (1989) Pre-Raphaelites in Love, New York : Ticknor & Fields, ISBN 0-89919-450-8
- des Cars, L. (2000) The Pre-Raphaelites : Romance and Realism, Abrams Discoveries series, New York : Harry N. Abrams, ISBN 0-8109-2891-4
- Mancoff, D.N. (2003) Flora symbolica : flowers in Pre-Raphaelite art, Munich ; London ; New York : Prestel, ISBN 3-7913-2851-4
- Marsh, J. and Nunn, P.G. (1998) Pre-Raphaelite women artists, London : Thames & Hudson, ISBN 0-500-28104-1
- Sharp, Frank C and Marsh, Jan, (2012) The Collected Letters of Jane Morris, Boydell & Brewer, London
- Staley, A. and Newall, C. (2004) Pre-Raphaelite vision : truth to nature, London : Tate, ISBN 1-85437-499-0
- Townsend, J., Ridge, J. and Hackney, S. (2004) Pre-Raphaelite painting techniques : 1848–56, London : Tate, ISBN 1-85437-498-2
- Barringer, Tim (1998). Reading the Pre-Raphaelites. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300177336.
- Barringer, Tim, Jason Rosenfeld, and Alison Smith (2012). Pre-Raphaelites: Victorian Avant-Garde, London, England: Tate Publishing, ISBN 978-1854379306
- Bucher, Gregory (2004). "Review of Matthew Dickerson. 'Following Gandalf. Epic Battles and Moral Victory in The Lord of the Rings'", Journal of Religion & Society, 6, ISSN 1522-5658, webpage accessed 13 October 2007
- Daly, Gay (1989). Pre-Raphaelites in Love. New York: Ticknor & Fields. ISBN 0-89919-450-8.
- Dickerson, Matthew (2003). Following Gandalf : epic battles and moral victory in the Lord of the rings, Grand Rapids, Mich. : Brazos Press, ISBN 1-58743-085-1
- Gaunt, William (1975). The Pre-Raphaelite Tragedy (edisi ke-rev.). London: Cape. ISBN 0-224-01106-5.
- Hawksley, Lucinda (1999). Essential Pre-Raphaelites. Bath: Dempsey Parr. ISBN 1-84084-524-4.
- Latham, David, Haunted Texts: Studies in Pre-Raphaelitism in Honour of William E. Fredeman, William Evan Fredeman, David Latham, eds, 2003, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 0802036627, 9780802036629, google books
- Prettejohn, Elizabeth (2000). The Art of the Pre-Raphaelites
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-07057-1. - Ramm, John (2003). "The Forgotten Pre-Raphaelite: Henry Wallis", Antique Dealer & Collectors Guide, 56 (March/April), p. 8–9
Pranala luar
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Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
- Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery's Pre-Raphaelite Online Resource Diarsipkan 2009-05-29 di Wayback Machine.
- Pre-Raphaelites exhibition at Tate Britain
- Liverpool Walker Art Gallery's Pre-Raphaelite collection
- Pre-Raphaelitism Lecture by John Ruskin
- The Pre-Raphaelite Society
- Pre-Raphaelite online resource project Diarsipkan 2009-05-29 di Wayback Machine. at the Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery
- The Samuel and Mary R. Bancroft Collection of Pre-Raphaelite Art
- Edward Burne-Jones, Victorian artist-dreamer, full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Pre-Raphaelite murals Diarsipkan 2018-05-31 di Wayback Machine. in the Old Library at the Oxford Union. This podcast covers their painting. Oxford Brookes University has a series of podcasts on the Pre-Raphaelites in Oxford, with this one di YouTube dedicated to the Union murals.