Penghapusan Ryukyu

Penghapusan Ryukyu (琉球処分code: ja is deprecated , Ryūkyū shobun),^[2]^[3] juga disebut Aneksasi Ryukyu (琉球併合code: ja is deprecated , Ryūkyū heigō)^[4]^[5]^[6] atau aneksasi Okinawa,^[7]^[8] adalah proses politik selama masa-masa awal periode Meiji di mana terjadinya penggabungan bekas Kerajaan Ryukyu ke dalam Kekaisaran Jepang sebagai Prefektur Okinawa (yaitu, salah satu prefektur "rumah" di Jepang) dan dilepaskannya dari sistem upeti Tiongkok.^[9]^[10] Proses ini dimulai dengan diciptakannya Domain Ryukyu pada tahun 1872 dan berpuncak pada aneksasi Kerajaan Ryukyu dan pembubaran final pada tahun 1879; dampak negosiasi langsung dan negosiasi selanjutnya dengan Tiongkok Qing, ditengahi oleh Ulysses S. Grant, secara efektif berakhir pada akhir tahun berikutnya.^[1]^[11] Istilah ini juga terkadang digunakan lebih sempit berhubungan dengan peristiwa dan perubahan pada tahun 1879 saja.^[12] Penghapusan Ryukyu telah "secara berbeda digambarkan sebagai agresi, aneksasi, penyatuan nasional, atau reformasi internal".^[9]

Lihat juga

Referensi

^ ^a ^b Tze May Loo (2014). Heritage Politics: Shuri Castle and Okinawa's Incorporation into Modern Japan, 1879–2000. Lexington Books. hlm. 2–39, 50. ISBN 978-0739182482.
^ "Okinawa: History (The Birth of Okinawa Prefecture/World War II/Post World War II Okinawa to the Present)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Diakses tanggal 5 August 2020.
^ Iwao Seiichi; et al., ed. (1991). "Ryūkyū-han". Dictionnaire historique du Japon (dalam bahasa French). XVII (Lettres R (2) et S (1)). Kinokuniya. hlm. 61–62.
^ 琉球王国の歴史的事実と認識に関する質問主意書. Official site of the House of Representatives (dalam bahasa Japanese).
^ 琉球併合は「国際法違反」独立学会、日本政府に謝罪要求 (dalam bahasa Japanese). Ryūkyū Shimpō. February 4, 2015.
^ "The Ryukyu Annexation in Modern East Asian History". 14 November 2019.
^ Uemura, Hideaki (2003). "The colonial annexation of Okinawa and the logic of international law: the formation of an 'indigenous people' in East Asia". Japanese Studies. 23 (2): 213–222. doi:10.1080/1037139032000154867.
^ Uemura, Hideaki (3 June 2010). Stevens, Carolyn S.; Nakamura, Ellen; Kawaguchi, Satomi; Suter, Rebecca; Wilkins, Tom; Chenhall, Richard; Mauch, Peter; Trefalt, Beatrice; Tipton, Elise, ed. "The colonial annexation of Okinawa and the logic of international law: the formation of an 'indigenous people' in East Asia". Japanese Studies. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia: Japanese Studies Association of Australia (JSAA)/Carfax Publishing (Taylor & Francis). 23 (2): 107–124. doi:10.1080/1037139032000154867. ISSN 1037-1397. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2021.
^ ^a ^b Yanagihara, Masaharu (2018). "7. "Shioki (Control)," "Fuyo (Dependency)," and Sovereignty: The Status of the Ryukyu Kingdom in Early-Modern and Modern Times". Dalam Roberts, Anthea; Stephan, Paul B.; Verdier, Pierre-Hughes; Versteeg, Mila. Comparative International Law (dalam bahasa English). New York City, New York, United States of America: Oxford University Press (OUP). hlm. 141–160, esp. 155 f. ISBN 9780190697570. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2021 – via Google Books.
^ 琉球処分 [Ryūkyū Shobun]. Kokushi Daijiten (dalam bahasa Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 吉川弘文館. 1979–1997.
^ Smits, Gregory (1999). Visions of Ryukyu. University of Hawai'i Press. hlm. 143–146. ISBN 0-8248-2037-1.
^ 琉球処分 [Ryūkyū Shobun]. Encyclopedia Nipponica (dalam bahasa Japanese). Shōgakukan. 2001.

[Loo-1] Tze May Loo (2014). Heritage Politics: Shuri Castle and Okinawa's Incorporation into Modern Japan, 1879–2000. Lexington Books. hlm. 2–39, 50. ISBN 978-0739182482.

[2] "Okinawa: History (The Birth of Okinawa Prefecture/World War II/Post World War II Okinawa to the Present)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Diakses tanggal 5 August 2020.

[Iwao-3] Iwao Seiichi; et al., ed. (1991). "Ryūkyū-han". Dictionnaire historique du Japon (dalam bahasa French). XVII (Lettres R (2) et S (1)). Kinokuniya. hlm. 61–62.

[4] 琉球王国の歴史的事実と認識に関する質問主意書. Official site of the House of Representatives (dalam bahasa Japanese).

[5] 琉球併合は「国際法違反」独立学会、日本政府に謝罪要求 (dalam bahasa Japanese). Ryūkyū Shimpō. February 4, 2015.

[6] "The Ryukyu Annexation in Modern East Asian History". 14 November 2019.

[7] Uemura, Hideaki (2003). "The colonial annexation of Okinawa and the logic of international law: the formation of an 'indigenous people' in East Asia". Japanese Studies. 23 (2): 213–222. doi:10.1080/1037139032000154867.

[Uemura-8] Uemura, Hideaki (3 June 2010). Stevens, Carolyn S.; Nakamura, Ellen; Kawaguchi, Satomi; Suter, Rebecca; Wilkins, Tom; Chenhall, Richard; Mauch, Peter; Trefalt, Beatrice; Tipton, Elise, ed. "The colonial annexation of Okinawa and the logic of international law: the formation of an 'indigenous people' in East Asia". Japanese Studies. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia: Japanese Studies Association of Australia (JSAA)/Carfax Publishing (Taylor & Francis). 23 (2): 107–124. doi:10.1080/1037139032000154867. ISSN 1037-1397. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2021.

[OUP-9] Yanagihara, Masaharu (2018). "7. "Shioki (Control)," "Fuyo (Dependency)," and Sovereignty: The Status of the Ryukyu Kingdom in Early-Modern and Modern Times". Dalam Roberts, Anthea; Stephan, Paul B.; Verdier, Pierre-Hughes; Versteeg, Mila. Comparative International Law (dalam bahasa English). New York City, New York, United States of America: Oxford University Press (OUP). hlm. 141–160, esp. 155 f. ISBN 9780190697570. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2021 – via Google Books.

[Kokushi-10] 琉球処分 [Ryūkyū Shobun]. Kokushi Daijiten (dalam bahasa Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan 吉川弘文館. 1979–1997.

[visions-11] Smits, Gregory (1999). Visions of Ryukyu. University of Hawai'i Press. hlm. 143–146. ISBN 0-8248-2037-1.

[Nipponica-12] 琉球処分 [Ryūkyū Shobun]. Encyclopedia Nipponica (dalam bahasa Japanese). Shōgakukan. 2001.

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