Ketakutan Lavender

Ketakutan Lavender adalah istilah yang mengacu kepada pencarian dan pemecatan massal orang-orang homoseksual dari pemerintahan Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1950-an. Kampanye ini berlangsung bersamaan dengan kampanye anti-komunis yang dikenal dengan sebutan McCarthyisme atau Ketakutan Merah Kedua.^[1] Orang-orang gay dan lesbian pada saat itu dianggap sebagai ancaman keamanan dan simpatisan komunis, sehingga muncul seruan untuk memberhentikan mereka dari jabatan pemerintahan.^[2]

Mantan Senator Amerika Serikat Alan K. Simpson berkomentar: "'Ketakutan Merah' telah dijadikan sorotan utama kebanyakan sejarawan untuk periode itu. Unsur yang tidak terlalu banyak diketahui ... dan yang merugikan jauh lebih banyak orang adalah perburuan yang dilakukan oleh McCarthy dan yang lainnya terhadap kaum homoseksual."^[3]

Pada Januari 2017, Departemen Negara Amerika Serikat secara resmi meminta maaf atas kejadian ini.^[4]

Catatan kaki

^ "An interview with David K. Johnson author of The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government". press.uchicago.edu. The University of Chicago. 2004. The Lavender Scare helped fan the flames of the Red Scare. In popular discourse, communists and homosexuals were often conflated. Both groups were perceived as hidden subcultures with their own meeting places, literature, cultural codes, and bonds of loyalty. Both groups were thought to recruit to their ranks the psychologically weak or disturbed. And both groups were considered immoral and godless. Many people believed that the two groups were working together to undermine the government.
^ Johnson, David K. (2004). The Lavender Scare. Chicago University Press. ISBN 9780226401904.
^ Simpson, Alan K.; McDaniel, Rodger (2013). "Prologue". Dying for Joe McCarthy's Sins: The Suicide of Wyoming Senator Lester Hunt. WordsWorth Press. hlm. x. ISBN 978-0983027591.
^ "State Department Apologizes for the "Lavender Scare", Jason Daley. Smithsonian. January 10, 2017. Diakses 5 Februari 2017

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[1] "An interview with David K. Johnson author of The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government". press.uchicago.edu. The University of Chicago. 2004. The Lavender Scare helped fan the flames of the Red Scare. In popular discourse, communists and homosexuals were often conflated. Both groups were perceived as hidden subcultures with their own meeting places, literature, cultural codes, and bonds of loyalty. Both groups were thought to recruit to their ranks the psychologically weak or disturbed. And both groups were considered immoral and godless. Many people believed that the two groups were working together to undermine the government.

[:0-2] Johnson, David K. (2004). The Lavender Scare. Chicago University Press. ISBN 9780226401904.

[3] Simpson, Alan K.; McDaniel, Rodger (2013). "Prologue". Dying for Joe McCarthy's Sins: The Suicide of Wyoming Senator Lester Hunt. WordsWorth Press. hlm. x. ISBN 978-0983027591.

[4] "State Department Apologizes for the "Lavender Scare", Jason Daley. Smithsonian. January 10, 2017. Diakses 5 Februari 2017

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