Kacapiring (bunga)
genus tumbuh-tumbuhan
Gardenia atau kacapiring adalah suatu genus tumbuhan berbunga dalam keluarga tumbuhan kopi, Rubiaceae, yang berhabitat alami di daerah tropik dan subtropik Afrika, Asia, Madagaskar dan Pacific Islands.[1] Nama genus ini diberikan oleh Carl Linnaeus dan John Ellis berdasarkan nama Dr. Alexander Garden (1730-1791), seorang naturalis kelahiran Skotlandia yang kemudian berdiam di Amerika Serikat.[2]
| Kacapiring | |
|---|---|
| |
| Gardenia jasminoides | |
Klasifikasi ilmiah 
| |
| Kerajaan: | Plantae |
| Klad: | Tracheophyta |
| Klad: | Angiospermae |
| Klad: | Eudikotil |
| Klad: | Asterid |
| Ordo: | Gentianales |
| Famili: | Rubiaceae |
| Subfamili: | Ixoroideae |
| Tribus: | Gardenieae |
| Genus: | Gardenia J.Ellis |
| Species | |
|
Lihat teks. | |
Spesies
suntingHingga Maret 2014[update] The Plant List mengakui 140 spesies (termasuk nama infraspesifik):[3]
- Gardenia actinocarpa Puttock
- Gardenia anapetes A.C.Sm.
- Gardenia angkorensis Pit.
- Gardenia annamensis Pit.
- Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia archboldiana Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia artensis Montrouz.
- Gardenia aubryi Vieill.
- Gardenia barnesii Merr.
- Gardenia beamanii Y.W.Low
- Gardenia boninensis (Nakai) Tuyama ex T.Yamaz.
- Gardenia brachythamnus (K.Schum.) Launert
- Gardenia brighamii H.Mann - Nānū (Hawaiʻi)
- Gardenia buffalina (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck (= Genipa buffalina)
- Gardenia cambodiana Pit.
- Gardenia candida A.C.Sm.
- Gardenia carinata Wall. ex Roxb. India, Malaya.
- Gardenia carstensensis Wernham
- Gardenia chanii Y.W.Low
- Gardenia chevalieri Pit.
- Gardenia clemensiae Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia collinsae Craib
- Gardenia colnettiana Guillaumin
- Gardenia conferta Guillaumin
- Gardenia cornuta Hemsl. (Natal Gardenia). South Africa.
- Gardenia coronaria Buch.-Ham.
- Gardenia costulata Ridl.
- Gardenia crameri Tirveng.
- Gardenia cuneata Kurz
- Gardenia dacryoides A.Cunn. ex Puttock
- Gardenia deplanchei Vieill. ex Guillaumin
- Gardenia dolichantha Merr.
- Gardenia elata Ridl.
- Gardenia epiphytica Jongkind
- Gardenia erubescens Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia esculenta Stokes
- Gardenia ewartii Puttock
- Gardenia faucicola Puttock
- Gardenia fiorii Chiov.
- Gardenia flava (Lour.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck (= Genipa flava)
- Gardenia forsteniana Miq.
- Gardenia fosbergii Tirveng.
- Gardenia fucata R.Br. ex Benth.
- Gardenia fusca Geddes
- Gardenia gardneri Puttock
- Gardenia gjellerupii Valeton
- Gardenia gordonii Baker
- Gardenia grandis Korth.
- Gardenia grievei Horne ex Baker
- Gardenia griffithii Hook.f.
- Gardenia gummifera L.f. India. Small tree, to 3 m high.
- Gardenia hageniana Gilli
- Gardenia hainanensis Merr.
- Gardenia hansemannii K.Schum.
- Gardenia hillii Horne ex Baker
- Gardenia hutchinsoniana Turrill – Fiji
- Gardenia imperialis K.Schum. Tropical Africa. Small tree to 12 m.
- subsp. physophylla (K.Schum.) L.Pauwels
- Gardenia invaginata Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia ixorifolia R.Br. ex Hook.f.
- Gardenia jabiluka Puttock
- Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis – Kacapiring
- Gardenia kakaduensis Puttock
- Gardenia kamialiensis Takeuchi
- Gardenia lacciflua K.Krause
- Gardenia lamingtonii F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia lanutoo Reinecke
- Gardenia latifolia Aiton India. Shrub or tree, 5–10 m high.
- Gardenia leopoldiana De Wild. & T.Durand
- Gardenia leschenaultii D.Dietr.
- Gardenia magnifica Geddes
- Gardenia mannii H.St.John & Kuykendall (Hawaiʻi)
- Gardenia maugaloae Lauterb.
- Gardenia megasperma F.Muell.
- Gardenia mollis Schltr.
- Gardenia moszkowskii Valeton
- Gardenia mutabilis Reinw. ex Blume
- Gardenia ngoyensis Schltr.
- Gardenia nitida Hook.
- Gardenia obtusifolia Roxb. ex Hook.f.
- Gardenia ornata K.M.Wong
- Gardenia oudiepe Vieill.
- Gardenia ovularis F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia pallens Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia panduriformis Pierre ex Pit.
- Gardenia papuana F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia philastrei Pierre ex Pit.
- Gardenia posoquerioides S.Moore
- Gardenia propinqua Lindl.
- Gardenia pseudoternifolia Valeton
- Gardenia psidioides Puttock
- Gardenia pterocalyx Valeton
- Gardenia pyriformis A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- subsp. keartlandii (Tate) Puttock
- Gardenia racemulosa Korth.
- Gardenia reinwardtiana Blume
- Gardenia remyi H.Mann (Hawaiʻi)
- Gardenia resinifera Roth (Brilliant Gardenia, Cambi Resin Tree, or dikamali) India. Shrub or small tree, to 3 m high. (= G. lucida, Genipa resinifera)
- Gardenia resiniflua Hiern (Gummy Gardenia). South Africa.
- Gardenia resinosa F.Muell.
- Gardenia rupicola Puttock
- Gardenia rutenbergiana (Baill. ex Vatke) J.-F.Leroy (= Genipa rutenbergiana)
- Gardenia saxatilis Geddes
- Gardenia scabrella Puttock far north Queensland- used in amenities plantings in Cairns
- Gardenia schlechteri Bonati & Petitm.
- Gardenia schwarzii Puttock
- Gardenia sericea Puttock
- Gardenia similis (Craib) Craib
- Gardenia siphonocalyx Valeton
- Gardenia sokotensis Hutch.
- Gardenia sootepensis Hutch.
- Gardenia stenophylla Merr.
- Gardenia stipulosa Zoll. & Moritzi
- Gardenia storckii Oliv.
- Gardenia subacaulis Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia subcarinata (Corner) Y.W.Low
- Gardenia succosa Baker
- Gardenia taitensis DC. (Tahitian Gardenia, Tiare māori). Polynesia.
- Gardenia tannaensis Guillaumin
- Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. (Large-leaved Transvaal Gardenia). Sudano-Zambezian savannas and woodlands.
- var. goetzei (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
- subsp. jovis-tonantis (Welw.) Verdc. (= G. jovis-tonantis, Genipa jovis-tonantis)
- Gardenia tessellaris Puttock
- Gardenia thailandica Tirveng.
- Gardenia thunbergia Thunb. (White Gardenia, Forest Gardenia, or witkatjiepiering) South Africa. Shrub or small tree, 2–5 m high.
- Gardenia tinneae Kotschy & Heuglin
- Gardenia transvenulosa Verdc.
- Gardenia trochainii Sillans
- Gardenia tropidocarpa Wernham
- Gardenia truncata Craib
- Gardenia tubifera Wall. ex Roxb. (Golden Gardenia). Southeastern Asia. Small tree to 15 m high.
- Gardenia urvillei Montrouz.
- Gardenia vernicosa Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia vilhelmii Domin
- Gardenia vitiensis Seem. (Fijian Gardenia) Fiji.
- Gardenia vogelii Hook.f.
- Gardenia volkensii K.Schum. (Transvaal Gardenia or Savanna Gardenia). Tropical Africa.
- var. saundersiae (N.E.Br.) Verdc.
- subsp. spathulifolia (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
- Gardenia vulcanica K.M.Wong
Pembiakan dan kegunaan
suntingTumbuhan Gardenia disenangi karena bau bunga yang harum, dan bunganya berukuran besar pada sejumlah spesies.
Galeri
sunting-
Gardenia brighamii -
Gardenia jasminoides 'Plena' -
Gardenia jasminoidesl 'Radicans' -
Gardenia psidioides -
Gardenia taitensis -
Gardenia thunbergia karya Edith Struben (1868-1936) -
Bunga Gardenia volkensii -
Gardenia volkensii bunga, daun, buah
Lihat pula
suntingReferensi
sunting- ^ Tao Chen; Charlotte M. Taylor, "Gardenia J. Ellis, Philos. Trans. 51: 935. 1761", Flora of China online, 19, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-02, diakses tanggal 2016-10-17
- ^ Ellis, John (1759). [1] Diarsipkan 2023-07-28 di Wayback Machine. "An Account of the Plants Halesia and Gardenia: In a Letter from John Ellis, Esq; F. R. S. to Philip Carteret Webb, Esq; F. R. S." Phil Trans R Soc 1759 51: 929-935.
- ^ "Gardenia". The Plant List. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-09-05. Diakses tanggal 2014-03-06.
Pranala luar
sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Gardenia.
- World Checklist of Rubiaceae Diarsipkan 2021-03-31 di Wayback Machine.