Joseph Needham
biokimiawan, sejarawan, dan pakar kebudayaan Tiongkok asal Britania (1900-1995)
Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham CH FRS FBA[1] (/ˈniːdəm/; 9 Desember 1900 – 24 Maret 1995) adalah seorang biokimiawan, sejarawan dan sinologis asal Inggris yang dikenal karena riset dan tulisan saintifik buatannya tentang sejarah sains dan teknologi fi Tiongkok. Ia terpilih menjadi anggota Royal Society pada 1941,[2] dan anggota British Academy pada 1971.[3] Pada 1992, Ratu Elizabeth II menganugerahinya Companionship of Honour, dan Royal Society menyebutnya sebagai satu-satunya orang yang pernah hidup yang memegang tiga gelar tersebut.[4]
| Joseph Needham CH FRS FBA | |||||||||||||||||
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| Lahir | Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham Tanggal tidak terbaca. Angka tahun harus memiliki 4 digit (gunakan awalan nol untuk tahun < 1000). London, Inggris | ||||||||||||||||
| Meninggal | 24 March 1995 (aged 94) Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Inggris | ||||||||||||||||
| Almamater | Oundle School Gonville and Caius College Cambridge University | ||||||||||||||||
| Pekerjaan | Sejarawan, biokimiawan, sinologis | ||||||||||||||||
| Suami/istri | |||||||||||||||||
| Penghargaan | Medali Leonardo da Vinci (1968) Penghargaan Dexter (1979) | ||||||||||||||||
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Referensi
suntingKutipan
sunting- ^ Gurdon, J. B.; Rodbard, B. (2000). "Joseph Needham, C.H. 9 December 1900 -- 24 March 1995: Elected F.R.S. 1941". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 46: 365. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1999.0091.
- ^ Winchester 2008, hlm. 28–29
- ^ Winchester 2008, hlm. 238
- ^ Winchester 2008, hlm. 250
Sumber
sunting- Biografi
- J. B. Gurdon and Barbara Rodbard, "Joseph Needham, C. H., F. R. S., F. B. A. 9 December 1900–24 March 1995," Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 46. (2000): 367–376. JSTOR
- Sarah Lyall. "Joseph Needham, China Scholar From Britain, Dies at 94", New York Times. 27 March 1995.
- Robert P. Multhauf, "Joseph Needham (1900–1995)," Technology and Culture 37.4 (1996): 880–891. JSTOR
- Roel Sterckx. In the Fields of Shennong: An inaugural lecture delivered before the University of Cambridge on 30 September 2008 to mark the establishment of the Joseph Needham Professorship of Chinese History, Science and Civilization. Cambridge: Needham Research Institute, 2008 (ISBN 0-9546771-1-0).
- Winchester, Simon (2008). The Man Who Loved China: The Fantastic Story of the Eccentric Scientist Who Unlocked the Mysteries of the Middle Kingdom. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-088459-8. Also published in Great Britain as Bomb, Book and Compass.
- Francesca Bray, "How Blind Is Love?: Simon Winchester's The Man Who Loved China," Technology and Culture 51.3 (2010): 578–588. JSTOR
- "Needham Question"
- Mark Elvin, "Introduction (Symposium: The Work of Joseph Needham)," Past & Present.87 (1980): 17–20. JSTOR
- Christopher Cullen, "Joseph Needham on Chinese Astronomy," Past & Present.87 (1980): 39–53. JSTOR
- Sivin, Nathan (1995), "Why the Scientific Revolution Did Not Take Place in China – Or Didn't It?", dalam Sivin, Nathan, Science in Ancient China (PDF), Aldershot, Hants: Variorum, hlm. Ch VII
- Justin Y. Lin, "The Needham Puzzle: Why the Industrial Revolution Did Not Originate in China," Economic development and cultural change 43.2 (1995): 269–292. JSTOR
- Timothy Brook, "The Sinology of Joseph Needham," Modern China 22.3 (1996): 340–348. JSTOR
- Robert P. Multhauf, "Joseph Needham (1900–1995)," Technology and Culture 37.4 (1996): 880–891. JSTOR
- Gregory Blue, "Joseph Needham, Heterodox Marxism and the Social Background to Chinese Science," Science & Society 62.2 (1998): 195–217. JSTOR
- Robert Finlay, "China, the West, and World History in Joseph Needham's Science and Civilisation in China," Journal of World History 11 (Fall 2000): 265–303.
- Sinologi
- Fogel, Joshua A. De l'un au multiple: Traductions du chinois vers les langues européenes (book review). The Journal of Asian Studies, ISSN 0021-9118, 02/2001, Volume 60, Issue 1, pp. 159–161. Available from JStor. – Review of De l'un au multiple: Traductions du chinois vers les langues européenes
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Barrett, Timothy Hugh (2008), The Woman Who Discovered Printing, Great Britain: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-12728-7 (alk. paper)
- Frank, Andre Gunder (1998), ReORIENT, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press, ISBN 9780520214743
- Yoke, Ho Peng. Reminiscences of a Roving Scholar: Science, Humanities and Joseph Needham. xii, 240 pp. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing, 2005.
- Fu, Daiwie. "On Mengxi bitan's World of Marginalities and 'South-pointing Needles': Fragment Translation vs. Contextual Tradition." ( Diarsipkan 2013-12-06 di Wayback Machine.) In: Alleton, Vivianne and Michael Lackner (editors). De l'un au multiple: traductions du chinois vers les langues européennes Translations from Chinese into European Languages (Les Editions de la MSH, FR), 1999, Paris. p. 176–201. ISBN 273510768X, 9782735107681.
Pranala luar
sunting- Inggris
- Interview with biographer Simon Winchester on ABC Brisbane September 2000
- Needham Research Institute (NRI)
- Science and Civilisation in China
- Asian Philosophy and Critical Thinking Divergence or Convergence?
- Guide to manuscripts by British scientists: N, O.
- BBC Radio4 'In Our Time' audio stream on the Needham Question.
- Karya oleh/tentang Joseph Needham di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
- Question marks: Chinese invention – The Economist, 5 June 2008, review of Needham biography by Simon Winchester
- Needham's wartime photos in China
- The Answer to the Needham Question? Diarsipkan 2017-07-15 di Wayback Machine.
- Imperial War Museum Interview
- Joseph Needham Collection of digitised photographs and journals from the NRI archive in Cambridge Digital Library
- Tionghoa
- Xinhua：Today's NRI
- Papers in Chinese 1991–2004 on Needham and his Grand Question
- Needham and his early knowledge on Chinese culture
| Jabatan akademik | ||
|---|---|---|
| Didahului oleh: Sir Nevill Francis Mott |
Master Gonville and Caius College 1966–1976 |
Diteruskan oleh: Sir William Wade |