John Muir
John Muir adalah (21 April 1838 - 24 Desember 1914[1]) adalah seorang naturalis Skotlandia kelahiran Amerika, penulis, dan advokat awal pelestarian hutan belantara di Amerika Serikat. Surat-suratnya, esai, dan buku-buku menceritakan petualangannya di alam, terutama di Sierra Nevada pegunungan California, telah dibaca oleh jutaan orang. Kegiatan aktivisnya membantu untuk melestarikan Lembah Yosemite, Taman Nasional Sequoia dan daerah padang gurun lainnya. The Sierra Club, yang didirikannya, kini salah satu organisasi konservasi paling penting di Amerika Serikat. Salah satu yang paling terkenal hiking trails di AS, 211 mil (340 km) John Muir Trail, dinamai untuk menghormatinya.[2] Tempat-tempat lain dinamai untuk menghormatinya adalah Monumen Nasional Muir Woods, Pantai Muir, Universitas John Muir, Gunung Muir, Kamp Muir dan Gletser Muir.
| John Muir | |
|---|---|
 John Muir, 1912 | |
| Lahir | 21 April 1838 Dunbar, East Lothian, Skotlandia |
| Meninggal | 24 Desember 1914 (umur 76) Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. |
| Pekerjaan | Teknisi, naturalis, penulis, botanis, geologis |
| Dikenal atas | Penemu Sierra Club |
| Suami/istri | Louisa Wanda Strentzel (1847-1905)
(m. 1880–1905) |
| Anak | Wanda Muir Hanna (25 Maret 1881 – 29 Juli 1942) dan Helen Muir Funk (23 Januari 1886 – 7 Juni 1964) |
| Orang tua | Daniel Muir dan Ann Gilrye |
| Tanda tangan | |
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Referensi
sunting- ^ "John Muir". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Diakses tanggal 25 September 2010.
- ^ Wenk, Elizabeth; Morey, Kathy (2007). John Muir Trail: The Essential Guide to Hiking America's Most Famous Trail. Berkeley, CA: Wilderness Press. ISBN 0899974368.
Pustaka tambahan
sunting- Austin, Richard C. (1991). Baptized into wilderness: A Christian perspective on John Muir. Creekside Press. ISBN 0-9625831-2-X.
- Ehrlich, Gretel (2000). John Muir: Nature's Visionary. National Geographic. ISBN 0-7922-7954-9.
- Engberg, Robert and Donald Wesling, 1999. John Muir: To Yosemite and Beyond. University of Utah Press: Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-0-87480-580-2
- Fleck, Richard F., ed., 1997. Mountaineering Essays. University of Utah Press: Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-0-87480-544-4.
- Gifford, Terry (2011). John Muir's Literary Science. The Public Domain Review.
- Miller, Char (2001). Gifford Pinchot and the Making of Modern Environmentalism. Island Press. ISBN 1-55963-822-2.
- O'Casey, Terrence (September 24, 2006). "John Muir: God's Preacher of Creation". Christian Standard.
- Smith, Michael B. (June 1998). "The Value of a Tree: Public Debates of John Muir and Gifford Pinchot". The Historian. 60 (4): 757–778. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1998.tb01414.x. ISSN 0018-2370.
- White, Graham (ed) (2009). Journeys in the Wilderness, A John Muir Reader. Birlinn. ISBN 1-84158-697-8.
- Williams, Dennis (2002). God's Wilds: John Muir's Vision of Nature. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 1-58544-143-0.
- Witschi, N.S. (2002). Traces of Gold: California’s Natural Resources and the Claim to Realism in Western American Literature. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. ISBN 0-8173-1117-3.
- Worster, Donald (January 2005). "John Muir and the Modern Passion for Nature". Environmental History. 10 (1): 8–19. doi:10.1093/envhis/10.1.8.
- Worster, Donald (2008). A Passion for Nature: The Life of John Muir. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-516682-8.
- Wuerthner, George (1994). Yosemite: A Visitor's Companion. Stackpole Books. hlm. 25–37. ISBN 0-8117-2598-7.
- Young, Samuel Hall (1915). Alaska days with John Muir. Fleming H. Revell., full text online
Pranala luar
sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai John Muir.
Wikisumber memiliki karya asli dari atau mengenai:
- John Muir's Ascent of Mt. Rainier, an essay by John Muir's photographer A.C. Warner - University of Washington Digital Collection
- The Story of My Boyhood and Youth by John Muir Diarsipkan 2014-05-25 di Wayback Machine.
- Video – John Muir biography National Park Service – 20 min.
- "John Muir in the New World" Diarsipkan 2014-10-09 di Wayback Machine. PBS American Masters Episodes, Feb 23, 2011
- Karya John Muir di Project Gutenberg
- Karya oleh/tentang John Muir di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
- Karya John Muir di LibriVox (buku suara domain umum)
- John Muir Writings Diarsipkan 2014-03-31 di Wayback Machine. Sierra Club
- Complete text of a selection of first edition John Muir books
- John Muir's Correspondence, 1856–1914, The Bancroft Library
- Manuscript letters, 1861–1914 put online by the Wisconsin Historical Society
- John Muir Letters Diarsipkan 2011-09-09 di Wayback Machine., online from Calisphere
- John Muir's Clockwork Desk Diarsipkan 2017-07-06 di Wayback Machine., Wisconsin Historical Society exhibit.
- John Muir Papers. Provides an overview of the John Muir Papers and related collections held at the University of the Pacific.
- John Muir Exhibit Diarsipkan 2014-06-08 di Wayback Machine. by the Sierra Club; includes a detailed chronology.
- John Muir Global Network
- John Muir National Historic Site from National Park Service
- Friends of John Muir's Birthplace (formerly Dunbar's John Muir Association) di www.djma.org.uk Galat: URL arsip tidak dikenal (diarsipkan tanggal 20010425003558) Scotland
- John Muir's Birthplace, John Muir Birthplace Trust Scotland
- John Muir Trust Scotland
- Canadian Friends of John Muir (CFJM) website
- John Muir Project Protecting Federal Public Forest Lands
- Access Adventure Diarsipkan 2005-12-23 di Wayback Machine. Founded by Muir's grandson
- 9 short radio episodes: California Glaciers, Earthquake, Samoset, Two Pine Logs, The Water-Ouzel, Wild Bees of California, The Wind, A Windstorm in the Forest and Woody Gospel Letter di californialegacy.org Galat: URL arsip tidak dikenal (diarsipkan tanggal 20040523194932) based on the writings of John Muir. California Legacy Project.
