Bangsa Gaelik
kelompok etnik Keltik di Irlandia, Skotlandia dan Pulau Man
(Dialihkan dari Gael)
Artikel atau sebagian dari artikel ini mungkin diterjemahkan dari Gaels di en.wikipedia.org. Isinya masih belum akurat, karena bagian yang diterjemahkan masih perlu diperhalus dan disempurnakan. Jika Anda menguasai bahasa aslinya, harap pertimbangkan untuk menelusuri referensinya dan menyempurnakan terjemahan ini. Anda juga dapat ikut bergotong royong pada ProyekWiki Perbaikan Terjemahan. (Pesan ini dapat dihapus jika terjemahan dirasa sudah cukup tepat. Lihat pula: panduan penerjemahan artikel) |
Gael (pelafalan dalam bahasa Irlandia: [ɡeːlˠ], pelafalan Gaelik Skotlandia: [kɛː.əlˠ]; bahasa Irlandia: Na Gaeil, bahasa Gaelik Skotlandia: Na Gàidheil) adalah sebuah kelompok etnolinguistik yang berasal dari barat laut Eropa, Mereka memiliki keterkaitan dengan rumpun bahasa Gaelik: sebuah cabang dari rumpun bahasa Keltik yang terdiri dari bahasa Irlandia, bahasa Manx dan bahasa Gaelik Skotlandia. Pada masa lalu, etnonim Irlandia dan Skotlandia umumnya merujuk kepada Gael, tetapi cangkupan kebangsaannya pada masa sekarang lebih kompleks.
 An Gal Gréine, sebuah simbol Gaelik tradisional yang mula-mula disebutkan dalam Fiannaíocht. | |
| Jumlah populasi | |
|---|---|
| s. 1.9 juta (linguistik) | |
| Daerah dengan populasi signifikan | |
 Irlandia | 1,770,000 (linguistik) |
 Britania Raya | 122,518 (linguistik) |
 Amerika Serikat | 27,475 (linguistik) |
 Kanada | 9,000 (linguistik) |
 Australia | 2,717 (linguistik) |
 Selandia Baru | 670 (linguistik) |
| Bahasa | |
| Irlandia · Gaelik Skotlandia · Manx (Non-Gaelik: Inggris · Skotlandia) | |
| Agama | |
| Kristen · Tak beragama (dulu: Paganisme) | |
| Kelompok etnik terkait | |
| Norse-Gael · Norman yang ter-Gaelisasi | |
Catatan
suntingReferensi
suntingDaftar pustaka
sunting- Bartlett, Robert (1994). The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change, 950-1350. Penguin. ISBN 0140154094.
- Bateman, Mary (2007). Duanaire Na Sracaire: Songbook of the Pillagers, Anthology of Scottish Gaelic Verse to 1600. Birlinn. ISBN 184158181X.
- Bradshaw, Brendan (1993). Representing Ireland: Literature and the Origins of Conflict, 1534-1660. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521416345.
- Bradshaw, Brendan (2015). ‘And so began the Irish Nation’: Nationality, National Consciousness and Nationalism in Pre-modern Ireland. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 1472442563.
- Byrne, Francis J. (1973). Irish Kings and High Kings. Four Courts Press. ISBN 1851821961.
- Calloway, Colin G. (2010). White People, Indians, and Highlanders: Tribal People and Colonial Encounters in Scotland and America. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199737826.
- Canny, Nicholas (2001). Making Ireland British, 1580-1650. OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780199259052.
- Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2007). Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521037167.
- Clancy, Thomas Owen (2008). The Triumph Tree: Scotland's Earliest Poetry AD 550-1350. Canongate Classics. ISBN 0862417872.
- Connolly, S. J. (2009). Contested Island: Ireland 1460-1630. OUP Oxford. ISBN 0199563713.
- Connolly, S. J. (2010). Divided Kingdom: Ireland 1630-1800. OUP Oxford. ISBN 0199583870.
- Coogan, Tim Pat (2013). The Famine Plot: England's Role in Ireland's Greatest Tragedy. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1137278838.
- Crowley, Tony (2008). Wars of Words: The Politics of Language in Ireland 1537-2004. OUP Oxford. ISBN 0199532761.
- Doyle, Aidan (2015). A History of the Irish Language: From the Norman Invasion to Independence. OUP Oxford. ISBN 0198724764.
- Ellis, Peter Berresford (2002). Erin's Blood Royal: The Gaelic Noble Dynasties of Ireland. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0312230494.
- Denvir, John (1892). The Irish in Britain from the Earliest Times to the Fall and Death of Parnell. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner.
- Gibbons, Luke (2004). Gaelic Gothic: Race, Colonization and Irish Culture. Alren House. ISBN 1903631394.
- Gibson, D. Blair (2012). From Chiefdom to State in Early Ireland. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 1107015634.
- Harbison, Peter (1999). The Golden Age of Irish Art: The Medieval Achievement 600-1200. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0500019274.
- Kinsella, Thomas (1981). An Duanaire 1600-1900: Poems of the Dispossessed. Dolmen Press. ISBN 9780851053646.
- Koch, John T. (2004). Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781851094400.
- Leerssen, Joep (1997). Mere Irish and Fior-Ghael: Studies in the Idea of Irish Nationality, Its Development and Literary Expression Prior to the Nineteenth Century. University of Notre Dame Press. ISBN 0268014272.
- Lenihan, Patrick (2007). Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 1603-1727. Routledge. ISBN 0582772176.
- Mac Giolla Chríost, Diarmait (2005). The Irish Language in Ireland: From Goídel to Globalisation. Routledge. ISBN 0415320461.
- Mac Síomoín, Tomás (2014). The Broken Harp: Identity and Language in Modern Ireland. Nuascealta. ISBN 1502974576.
- Macleod, John (1997). Highlanders: A History of the Gaels. Sceptre. ISBN 0340639911.
- MacManus, Seamus (1921). The Story of the Irish Race: A Popular History of Ireland. The Irish Publishing Company. ISBN 0-517-06408-1.
- McLeod, Wilson (2004). Divided Gaels: Gaelic Cultural Identities in Scotland and Ireland C.1200-C.1650. OUP Oxford. ISBN 0199247226.
- Newton, Michael (2000). A Handbook of the Scottish Gaelic World. Four Courts Press. ISBN 185182541X.
- Newton, Michael (2009). Warriors of the Word: The World of the Scottish Highlanders. Birlinn. ISBN 1841588261.
- O'Callaghan, Sean (2001). To Hell or Barbados: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ireland. Brandon. ISBN 0863222870.
- O'Conor Don, Charles (1753). Dissertations On the Ancient History of Ireland. J. Christie.
- Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí (2005). A New History of Ireland, Volume I: Prehistoric and Early Ireland. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199226658.
- O'Duffy, Séan (2005). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 1135948240.
- Ó Flaithbheartaigh, Ruaidhrí (1685). Ogygia: A Chronological Account of Irish Events. B. Tooke.
- O'Halloran, Sylvester (1778). A General History of Ireland. Hamilton.
- Ó hÓgáin, Dáithí (2001). The Sacred Isle: Belief and Religion in Pre-Christian Ireland. Boydell Press. ISBN 9780851157474.
- O'Leary, Philip (2004). The Prose Literature of the Gaelic Revival, 1881-1921. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0271025964.
- Ó Muraíle, Nollaig (2004). The Great Book of Irish Genealogies. De Burca Books. ISBN 0946130361.
- Osbourn, Terry A. (2006). Teaching World Languages for Social Justice: A Sourcebook of Principles and Practices. Routledge. ISBN 1135609853.
- Patterson, Nerys T. (1991). Cattle Lords and Clansmen: The Social Structure of Early Ireland. Garland Press. ISBN 9780268008000.
- Rankin, David (2002). Celts and the Classical World. Routledge. ISBN 1134747217.
- Richards, Eric (1999). Patrick Sellar and the Highland Clearances: Homicide, Eviction and the Price of Progress. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 9781902930138.
- Tanner, Marcus (2006). The Last of the Celts. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300115352.
- Thornton, David E. (2003). Kings, Chronologies, and Genealogies: Studies in the Political History of Early Medieval Ireland and Wales. Occasional Publications UPR. ISBN 1900934094.
- Welch, Robert (1992). Irish Writers and Religion. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0389209635.
- Watson, Moray (2010). The Edinburgh Companion to the Gaelic Language. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0748637095.
- Woolfe, Alex (2007). From Pictland to Alba, 789-1070. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0748612335.
Pranala luar
sunting- Foras na Gaeilge – Irish agency promoting the language
- Bòrd na Gàidhlig Diarsipkan 2012-08-07 di Wayback Machine. – Scottish agency promoting the language
- Culture Vannin Diarsipkan 2015-03-03 di Wayback Machine. – Manx agency promoting the language
- The Columba Project – Pan-Gaelic cultural initiative