Cleophis
Cleophis (Sanskrit: Kripa)[1] merupakan seorang tokoh kunci di dalam perang di antara orang-orang Aśvaka dan Aleksander Agung. Cleophis adalah ibunda Asakanus, pemimpin perang Asakani pada saat invasi Aleksander pada tahun 326 SM. Setelah kematian putranya di dalam pertempuran, Cleophis mengambil alih komando dan menegosiasikan sebuah penyelesaian yang memungkinkannya mempertahankan statusnya. Catatan selanjutnya menyatakan bahwa Cleophis memiliki seorang putra oleh Aleksander, sebuah gagasan yang dibuang oleh para sejarahwan.[2]
| Cleophis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Nama lain | Kripa |
| Dikenal atas | Perang di antara orang-orang Aśvaka dan Aleksander Agung |
| Suami/istri | Aleksander Agung |
| Anak | Aśvaka |
Asakani (disebut Aśvaka di dalam Sanskerta, dari kata Ashva, yang berarti "kuda") adalah orang-orang bebas yang tinggal di bagian lembah-lembah Swat dan Buner di Pakistan modern. Orang-orang dataran tinggi ini adalah pemberontak, klan independen yang menentang penaklukan.[12] Keturunan mereka bertahan hidup hari ini dan sekarang dikenal sebagai etnis Afghan atau Pashtun.[3]
Referensi
sunting- ^ According to scholars, Indian equivalent of classical name Cleophis is Kripa: See e.g: Chandragupta Maurya and His times, 1988, p 25, Dr R. K. Mukerjee; Ancient India, 2003, p 261, Dr V. D. Majan; History of Punjab, Vol I, 1997, p 229 Editors Dr L. M. Joshi, Dr Fauja Singh; Bhavan's Journal, 1960, p 90, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan; Archaeology of Punjab, 1992, p 76, Bālā Madhu, Punjab (India); Ancient Kamboja, People and the Country, 1981, p 284, Dr J. L. Kamboj; Problems of Ancient India, 2000, p 149, K. D. Sethna.
- ^ Cf: The story of Cleophis' relations with the Macedonian king is heavily romanticized (Ref: The Greek World in the Fourth Century: From the Fall of the Athenian Empire to the Successors of..., 1997, p 211, Lawrence A. Tritle).
- ^ The Achaemenids in India, 1950, p 48, Dr Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya; The Indian Historical Quarterly, 1949, p 104, India.
Buku dan Majalah
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- Alexander the Great, 2003, Dr W. W. Tarn
- Studies in Indian History and Civilization, Dr Buddha Parkash
- Ancient Kamboja, People and the Country, 1981, Dr J. L. Kamboj
- Hindu Polity, A constitutional History of India in Hindu Times, 1978, p 140, 121, Dr K. P. Jayswal