Isotop bromin
nuklida dengan nomor atom 35 tetapi dengan nomor massa berbeda
(Dialihkan dari Bromin-81)
Bromin (35Br) memiliki dua isotop stabil, 79Br dan 81Br, serta 32 radioisotop yang diketahui, yang paling stabil adalah 77Br, dengan waktu paruh 57,036 jam.
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Berat atom standar Ar°(Br) |
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Daftar isotop
suntingNuklida [n 1] |
Z | N | Massa isotop (Da) [n 2][n 3] |
Waktu paruh |
Mode peluruhan [n 4] |
Isotop anak [n 5][n 6] |
Spin dan paritas [n 7][n 8] |
Kelimpahan alami (fraksi mol) | |||||||||||
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Energi eksitasi | Proporsi normal | Rentang variasi | |||||||||||||||||
68Br[2] | 35 | 33 | 67,95836(28)# | ~50 ndtk | p | 67Se | 3+# | ||||||||||||
69Br | 35 | 34 | 68,95011(11)# | <24 ndtk | p | 68Se | 1/2−# | ||||||||||||
70Br | 35 | 35 | 69,94479(33)# | 79,1(8) mdtk | β+ | 70Se | 0+# | ||||||||||||
70mBr | 2292,2(8) keV | 2,2(2) dtk | β+ | 70Se | (9+) | ||||||||||||||
IT | 70Br | ||||||||||||||||||
71Br | 35 | 36 | 70,93874(61) | 21,4(6) dtk | β+ | 71Se | (5/2)− | ||||||||||||
72Br | 35 | 37 | 71,93664(6) | 78,6(24) dtk | β+ | 72Se | 1+ | ||||||||||||
72mBr | 100,92(3) keV | 10,6(3) dtk | IT (>99,9%) | 72Br | 1− | ||||||||||||||
β+ (<0,1%) | 72Se | ||||||||||||||||||
73Br | 35 | 38 | 72,93169(5) | 3,4(2) mnt | β+ | 73Se | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
74Br | 35 | 39 | 73,929891(16) | 25,4(3) mnt | β+ | 74Se | (0−) | ||||||||||||
74mBr | 13,58(21) keV | 46(2) mnt | β+ | 74Se | 4(+#) | ||||||||||||||
75Br | 35 | 40 | 74,925776(15) | 96,7(13) mnt | β+ | 75Se | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
76Br | 35 | 41 | 75,924541(10) | 16,2(2) jam | β+ | 76Se | 1− | ||||||||||||
76mBr | 102,58(3) keV | 1,31(2) dtk | IT (99,4%) | 76Br | (4)+ | ||||||||||||||
β+ (0,6%) | 76Se | ||||||||||||||||||
77Br | 35 | 42 | 76,921379(3) | 57,036(6) jam | β+ | 77Se | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
77mBr | 105,86(8) keV | 4,28(10) mnt | IT | 77Br | 9/2+ | ||||||||||||||
78Br | 35 | 43 | 77,921146(4) | 6,46(4) mnt | β+ (99,99%) | 78Se | 1+ | ||||||||||||
β− (0,01%) | 78Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
78mBr | 180,82(13) keV | 119,2(10) µdtk | (4+) | ||||||||||||||||
79Br | 35 | 44 | 78,9183371(22) | Stabil | 3/2− | 0,5069(7) | |||||||||||||
79mBr | 207,61(9) keV | 4,86(4) dtk | IT | 79Br | (9/2+) | ||||||||||||||
80Br | 35 | 45 | 79,9185293(22) | 17,68(2) mnt | β− (91,7%) | 80Kr | 1+ | ||||||||||||
β+ (8,3%) | 80Se | ||||||||||||||||||
80mBr | 85,843(4) keV | 4,4205(8) jam | IT | 80Br | 5− | ||||||||||||||
81Br | 35 | 46 | 80,9162906(21) | Stabil | 3/2− | 0,4931(7) | |||||||||||||
81mBr | 536,20(9) keV | 34,6(28) µdtk | 9/2+ | ||||||||||||||||
82Br | 35 | 47 | 81,9168041(21) | 35,282(7) jam | β− | 82Kr | 5− | ||||||||||||
82mBr | 45,9492(10) keV | 6,13(5) mnt | IT | 82Br | 2− | ||||||||||||||
β− | 82Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
83Br | 35 | 48 | 82,915180(5) | 2,40(2) jam | β− | 83Kr | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
83mBr | 3068,8(6) keV | 700(100) ndtk | (19/2−) | ||||||||||||||||
84Br | 35 | 49 | 83,916479(16) | 31,80(8) mnt | β− | 84Kr | 2− | ||||||||||||
84m1Br | 320(10) keV | 6,0(2) mnt | β− | 84Kr | 6− | ||||||||||||||
84m2Br | 408,2(4) keV | <140 ndtk | 1+ | ||||||||||||||||
85Br | 35 | 50 | 84,915608(21) | 2,90(6) mnt | β− | 85Kr | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
86Br | 35 | 51 | 85,918798(12) | 55,1(4) dtk | β− | 86Kr | (2−) | ||||||||||||
87Br | 35 | 52 | 86,920711(19) | 55,65(13) dtk | β− (97,48%) | 87Kr | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
β−, n (2,52%) | 86Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
88Br | 35 | 53 | 87,92407(4) | 16,29(6) dtk | β− (93,42%) | 88Kr | (2−) | ||||||||||||
β−, n (6,48%) | 87Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
88mBr | 272,7(3) keV | 5,4(7) µdtk | |||||||||||||||||
89Br | 35 | 54 | 88,92639(6) | 4,40(3) dtk | β− (86,2%) | 89Kr | (3/2−,5/2−) | ||||||||||||
β−, n (13,8%) | 88Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
90Br | 35 | 55 | 89,93063(8) | 1,91(1) dtk | β− (74,8%) | 90Kr | |||||||||||||
β−, n (25,2%) | 89Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
91Br | 35 | 56 | 90,93397(8) | 541(5) mdtk | β− (80%) | 91Kr | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||
β−, n (20%) | 90Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
92Br | 35 | 57 | 91,93926(5) | 0,343(15) dtk | β− (66,9%) | 92Kr | (2−) | ||||||||||||
β−, n (33,1%) | 91Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
93Br | 35 | 58 | 92,94305(32)# | 102(10) mdtk | β− (89%) | 93Kr | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||
β−, n (11%) | 92Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
94Br | 35 | 59 | 93,94868(43)# | 70(20) mdtk | β− (70%) | 94Kr | |||||||||||||
β−, n (30%) | 93Kr | ||||||||||||||||||
95Br | 35 | 60 | 94,95287(54)# | 50# mdtk [>300 ndtk] | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||||
96Br | 35 | 61 | 95,95853(75)# | 20# mdtk [>300 ndtk] | |||||||||||||||
97Br | 35 | 62 | 96,96280(86)# | 10# mdtk [>300 ndtk] | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||||
98Br[3] | 35 | 63 | |||||||||||||||||
101Br[4] | 35 | 66 | |||||||||||||||||
Header & footer tabel ini: |
- ^ mBr – Isomer nuklir tereksitasi.
- ^ ( ) – Ketidakpastian (1σ) diberikan dalam bentuk ringkas dalam tanda kurung setelah digit terakhir yang sesuai.
- ^ # – Massa atom bertanda #: nilai dan ketidakpastian yang diperoleh bukan dari data eksperimen murni, tetapi setidaknya sebagian dari tren dari Permukaan Massa (trends from the Mass Surface, TMS).
- ^
Mode peluruhan:
IT: Transisi isomerik n: Emisi neutron p: Emisi proton - ^ Simbol miring tebal sebagai anak – Produk anak hampir stabil.
- ^ Simbol tebal sebagai anak – Produk anak stabil.
- ^ ( ) nilai spin – Menunjukkan spin dengan argumen penempatan yang lemah.
- ^ # – Nilai yang ditandai # tidak murni berasal dari data eksperimen, tetapi setidaknya sebagian dari tren nuklida tetangga (trends of neighboring nuclides, TNN).
Referensi
sunting- ^ Meija, J.; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ Wimmer, K.; et al. (2019). "Discovery of 68Br in secondary reactions of radioactive beams". Physics Letters B. 795: 266–270. arXiv:1906.04067 . doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.06.014.
- ^ Ohnishi, Tetsuya; Kubo, Toshiyuki; Kusaka, Kensuke; et al. (2010). "Identification of 45 New Neutron-Rich Isotopes Produced by In-Flight Fission of a 238U Beam at 345 MeV/nucleon". J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Physical Society of Japan. 79 (7): 073201. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.79.073201 .
- ^ Sumikama, T.; et al. (2021). "Observation of new neutron-rich isotopes in the vicinity of Zr110". Physical Review C. 103. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.103.014614.
- Massa isotop dari:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- Komposisi isotop dan massa atom standar dari:
- de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683 .
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051 .
- "News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 Oktober 2005.
- Data waktu paruh, spin, dan isomer dipilih dari sumber-sumber berikut.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Laboratorium Nasional Brookhaven.
- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". Dalam Lide, David R. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (edisi ke-85). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.