Asam vaksenat

Asam vaksenat
Nama
	Nama IUPAC Asam (11E)-oktadek-11-enoat
Penanda
Nomor CAS	693-72-1 ;
Model 3D (JSmol)	Gambar interaktif;
3DMet	{{{3DMet}}}
ChEBI	CHEBI:28727 ;
ChemSpider	4444571 ;
Nomor EC
PubChem CID	5281127;
Nomor RTECS	{{{value}}}
UNII	GQ72OGU4EV ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID301009341 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H34O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h7-8H,2-6,9-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b8-7+ Key: UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N ; InChI=1/C18H34O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h7-8H,2-6,9-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b8-7+ Key: UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWBK;
	SMILES CCCCCC/C=C/CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O;
Sifat
Rumus kimia	C18H34O2
Massa molar	282.461 g/mol
Titik lebur	44 °C (111 °F)
Titik didih	172 °C (342 °F)
	Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verifikasi (apa ini ?)
	Referensi

Asam vaksenat merupakan asam lemak trans yang terbentuk secara alami. Senyawa ini merupakan jenis asam lemak trans utama yang ditemukan dalam ASI, lemak hewan pemamah biak, serta susu dan berbagai olahannya seperti mentega dan yogurt.^[1]^[2] Jumlah lemak trans dalam ASI mungkin bergantung pada jumlah lemak trans yang dikonsumsi oleh sang ibu.^[3]^[4]

Nama IUPAC-nya adalah asam 11-oktadekenoat, dan nama singkatan lipidanya adalah 18: 1 trans-11. Nama dagangnya berasal dari kata Latin vacca (sapi).^[4] Asam vaksenat ditemukan pada tahun 1928 dalam lemak dan mentega hewani.

Stereoisomernya, asam cis-vaksinenat, adalah asam lemak omega-7, ditemukan dalam minyak tanaman Hippophae rhamnoides.^[5] Nama IUPAC-nya adalah asam (11Z) - 11-oktadekenoat, dan nama singkatan lipidnya adalah 18: 1 cis-11.

Kesehatan

Asam vaksenat juga ditemukan di korteks orbitofrontal pasien pengidap gangguan bipolar dan skizofrenia.^[6]^[7]

Oksidasi asam lemak tak jenuh omega-7 pada permukaan kulit, seperti asam palmitoleat dan asam vaksenat, mungkin menjadi penyebab fenomena yang biasa dikenal sebagai bau orang tua.^[8]

Ketika diberi makan asam vaksenat selama 16 minggu, tikus menunjukkan penurunan kadar kolesterol, menurunkan kolesterol LDL dan kadar trigliserida.^[9]

Referensi

^ Bowerman, Susan (May 19, 2008). "Now there are good trans fats?". Los Angeles Times.
^ Precht D, Molkentin J (Agustus 1999). "C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 trans and cis fatty acid isomers including conjugated cis delta 9, trans delta 11 linoleic acid (CLA) as well as total fat composition of German human milk lipids". Nahrung. 43 (4): 233–44. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3803(19990801)43:4<233::AID-FOOD233>3.0.CO;2-B. PMID 10481820.
^ Friesen R, Innis SM (Oktober 2006). "Trans fatty acids in human milk in Canada declined with the introduction of trans fat food labeling". J. Nutr. 136 (10): 2558–61. doi:10.1093/jn/136.10.2558  . PMID 16988126.
^ ^a ^b Destaillats F, Buyukpamukcu E, Golay PA, Dionisi F, Giuffrida F (2005). "Letter to the Editor: Vaccenic and Rumenic Acids, A Distinct Feature of Ruminant Fats". Journal of Dairy Science. 88 (449): 449. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72705-3  . PMID 15653508.
^ Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food - Institute for Lipid Research. "Seed Oil Fatty Acids Database".
^ McNamara, RK; Jandacek, R; Rider, T; Tso, P; Hahn, CG; Richtand, NM; Stanford, KE (2007). "Abnormalities in the fatty acid composition of the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients: gender differences and partial normalization with antipsychotic medications". Schizophr Res. 91 (1–3): 37–50. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.11.027. PMC 1853256  . PMID 17236749.
^ McNamara, RK; Jandacek, R; Rider, T; Tso, P; Stanford, KE; Hahn, CG; Richtand, NM (2008). "Deficits in docosahexaenoic acid and associated elevations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and saturated fatty acids in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder". Psychiatry Research. 160 (3): 285–299. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.08.021. PMC 2620106  . PMID 18715653.
^ Haze S, Gozu Y, Nakamura S, Kohno Y, Sawano K, Ohta H, Yamazaki K (April 2001). "2-Nonenal newly found in human body odor tends to increase with aging". J. Invest. Dermatol. 116 (4): 520–4. doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01287.x. PMID 11286617.
^ AFNS. Alberta natural trans fat research earns global recognition Diarsipkan 2008-06-15 di Wayback Machine.. 2 April 2008.

[1] Bowerman, Susan (May 19, 2008). "Now there are good trans fats?". Los Angeles Times.

[pmid10481820-2] Precht D, Molkentin J (Agustus 1999). "C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 trans and cis fatty acid isomers including conjugated cis delta 9, trans delta 11 linoleic acid (CLA) as well as total fat composition of German human milk lipids". Nahrung. 43 (4): 233–44. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3803(19990801)43:4<233::AID-FOOD233>3.0.CO;2-B. PMID 10481820.

[pmid16988126-3] Friesen R, Innis SM (Oktober 2006). "Trans fatty acids in human milk in Canada declined with the introduction of trans fat food labeling". J. Nutr. 136 (10): 2558–61. doi:10.1093/jn/136.10.2558  . PMID 16988126.

[Destaillats-4] Destaillats F, Buyukpamukcu E, Golay PA, Dionisi F, Giuffrida F (2005). "Letter to the Editor: Vaccenic and Rumenic Acids, A Distinct Feature of Ruminant Fats". Journal of Dairy Science. 88 (449): 449. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72705-3  . PMID 15653508.

[sofa-5] Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food - Institute for Lipid Research. "Seed Oil Fatty Acids Database".

[6] McNamara, RK; Jandacek, R; Rider, T; Tso, P; Hahn, CG; Richtand, NM; Stanford, KE (2007). "Abnormalities in the fatty acid composition of the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients: gender differences and partial normalization with antipsychotic medications". Schizophr Res. 91 (1–3): 37–50. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.11.027. PMC 1853256  . PMID 17236749.

[7] McNamara, RK; Jandacek, R; Rider, T; Tso, P; Stanford, KE; Hahn, CG; Richtand, NM (2008). "Deficits in docosahexaenoic acid and associated elevations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and saturated fatty acids in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder". Psychiatry Research. 160 (3): 285–299. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.08.021. PMC 2620106  . PMID 18715653.

[pmid11286617-8] Haze S, Gozu Y, Nakamura S, Kohno Y, Sawano K, Ohta H, Yamazaki K (April 2001). "2-Nonenal newly found in human body odor tends to increase with aging". J. Invest. Dermatol. 116 (4): 520–4. doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01287.x. PMID 11286617.

[9] AFNS. Alberta natural trans fat research earns global recognition Diarsipkan 2008-06-15 di Wayback Machine.. 2 April 2008.

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